The Language of Deer

Though their language is complex, from a hunter's perspective, key vocalizations are grunts, snort-wheezes, and bleats. Both does and bucks grunt, but grunting is most associated with bucks encouraging a doe to let him breed her. Other bucks that hear this will come to check it out, hoping they can run the first buck off and assume breeding privileges.

The snort-wheeze is often heard when bucks confront one another and signals a buck's willingness to fight for hierarchal superiority or breeding rights. Again, other nearby bucks seeking dominance will come to investigate.

Bleats are a common language from fawns and does. Does regularly investigate bleats, so bleat calls can be effective for hunting them. Bucks typically don't come to a bleat, but a bleat call will often stop them in their tracks long enough for you to take a shot.

Deer calls (a tool to call wildlife) come in all shapes and sizes. Look for one that offers flexibility in tone and volume. For mouth-blown calls, select one that works on the inhale, not the exhale, as the moisture from your breath will less likely freeze the call in cold weather.

Early Season Calling

Soft bleats and grunts work best, often attracting deer out of curiosity.

Pre-Rut Calling

The seven to ten days pre-rut is a great time to call, as fired-up bucks are eager to breed and are on the brink of estrous. Soft grunts suggest a buck has found an early doe and often attracts other bucks looking to assert their dominance.

Calling in the Rut

Bucks grunt more often in this period than any other as they actively seek willing does. They're challenging to call off if they're already with a doe; if not, they're very willing to investigate. Buck grunts in the rut are sharper, harsher, and louder than at any other time. The snort-wheeze is also effective at this time and can be used in conjunction with rattling.

Post-Rut Calling

Bucks will continue to respond, though they're not as territorial, so put away the snort-wheeze and stick to grunting. They tend to be smarter now, having been pursued through the season, so calling should be more subtle.

Calling Sequences

A general rule of thumb is to call every 10–15 minutes with four or five short calls. Don't grunt if a buck is looking your way—he'll pinpoint you for sure. When in doubt, call less, not more. Patience is a virtue when calling.